Good vs Evil in King Lear Essay

Life will always bestow us with choices which we must sagely choose either a example or immoral response to. Shakespeare exemplifies goodness and wickedness in King Lear. The execute presents a powerful manifestation of loyalty, specifically through the characters Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia. Kents open-plan loyalty to Lear remains stable throughout the play. He recognizes Lears tragic flaw and remains faithful, even after being banished. His reliability is still divulged when he attacks Oswald, Gonerils loyal servant.Kents defensive actions result in him being placed in the stocks. This sacrifice adds to his loyal attitude of act the Kings well-being and safety. Oswald is loyal to Goneril, and acts well as a contrasting character to Kent. They both share the attribute of loyalty further Oswalds loyalty is based on immoral decisions, while Kents is non. Following Lears death, Kent foreshadows that he too will pass on, reuniting himself with Lear. Furthermore, Edgar is betrayed by his evil, manipulative brother, and he is forced to disappear.Edgars goodness is displayed when he treats Gluocester with kindness, no matter of his fathers misjudgment. In addition, Edgar gives his father strength by sparing his life making him believe a deity has saved him from jump off a cliff. This renaissance causes Gluocester to think and act more wisely in future endeavors. Edgar and Kents morality and loyalty are not affected by their mistreatment provided by their superiors, which ultimately verifies them as accurate symbols of good.Cordelia is an illustration for true virtue in her acts of forgiveness and loyalty towards her father. Lear, distressed by his beloved daughters response of nothing to his love test, banishes Cordelia and denies her whatsoever land and power. Lear turning his back on Cordelia foretells destruction, since she is one of the only batch in Lears life that is loyal and expresss honest-to-goodness feelings towards him. Furthermore, she foresh adows her death by returning to the kingdom to the aid of her father.She understands the dangers of returning, but in spite of these dangers she continues to emanate loyalty. Shakespeare delivers the existence of suffering through the presence of good and evil. by Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia, Shakespeare has made it apparent that evil is unavoidable, yet virtue, loyalty, and forgiveness is rooted to everyone. It takes sure individuals to have the courage and power to be able to express these moral characteristics.

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Essay

plague Potter and the domiciliate of Secrets is about raise Potter and his friends at Hogwarts. In the beginning, Dobby went to Harrys house and told him t eyelid he should not go to school this year. It is very dangerous. Harry went to school anyway. A cat and a lot of people got petrified. Some of Harrys friends think it is him causing the problems. When Harry was playing Quidditch, Dobby made the ball(a) strike him and Harry lost all of the bones in his arm. Then, Professor Lockhart taught the students at Hogwarts how to fight evil. Harry spoke in Parseltongue which is making sounds like a snake.Harry, Hermione, and Ron made a Polyjuice potion to catch Malfoy talking about petrifying all of the people. Then, Harry lay out a diary that writes back when you write in it. Tom Riddle is the one who wrote to him in the diary and told him that Hagrid opened the Chamber of Secrets. After Hermione is petrified, Dumbledore and Lucius Malfoy took Hagrid away because Lucius thought Hagri d was petrifying everyone. Hagrid told Harry and Ron to follow the spiders. Harry and Ron followed the spiders to the forest and the spiders almost killed them, but they escaped.Then, Voldemort took Ginny to the chamber and Harry, Ron, and Professor Lockhart had to go govern her. Professor Lockhart cursed himself and Harry went to the chamber by himself. He found Ginny and Tom Riddle. Tom Riddle is Voldemort when he was a kid. Professor Dumbledores phoenix came and poked out the snakes eyes and the magic hat gave Harry a sword. Then Harry killed the snake and stabbed the diary so Tom Riddle was dead. The best part of the book was when Lucius Malfoy gave Dobby a have it off so he is free and doesnt have to work for him anymore.

Men and Women in Society

Well obviously, workforce and women atomic number 18 resistent. In order of magnitude up to now men and women play very different agencys. Used to be, men were looked at as the dominant one in a relationship and society. straightway a day women ar becoming dominant in to a greater extent(prenominal) ways than one. For example, in the job world, organisation, relationships, freedom, and sex be clean more or less of the categories that women ask risen in, in society. More women ar in positions of index and authority. compensate though, because of the past, men and women will never be treated the same, in society nearly men and women are treated fairly ex go to. thither is picayune to no discrimination in the job field or the government against women in society. Men are unagitated usu every(prenominal)y looked at as a uplifteder class than women unless that is plainly because of the past reddents that be in possession of happened in society. The world is becomi ng an all- nigh equal place. The history of women in the American boil cart has been shaped by diverse cultural, levelheaded, demographic, and ethno-racial influences.Like men, women in preindustrial America contri only whened to their household and community economies through paid and unpaid labor, however the material rewards of their labor were limited by cultural beliefs, social practices, and laws that subordinated women to men. overleap by special legal arrangement, married women could not sign labor contracts, own property, or claim their own earnings. Some women did work for wages, but those who did, even unmarried women and widows, clustered in lower-paying occupations and earned lower wages than men.Initially, these conditions were reproduced, and even accentuated, as the industrial economy developed. As families became more strung-out on cash for survival, free women (as comfortably as free men) change magnitude their fellowship in the paid labor force. Especial ly numerous as seamstresses in the needle trades and in domestic work, women were also essential to the emerge factories. Other women worked as members of family production units (in shoemaking or retail shops, for example) and as homeworkers in textiles, shoes, or early(a) productspatterns of work that let off persist.Laws granting married women legal rights to their wages and to property became common only in the late ordinal coke. The growing identification of men as breadwinners and the rise of an urban mediate class (with its status-conscious emphasis on the lady of leisure) further streng thus the tendency to view women as secondary wage-earners, regardless of their actual contributions to family survival. From the late nineteenth cytosine onward, U. S. -born white women enjoyed steadily expanding access to nonagricultural and nonindustrial occupations. They progressively found jobs as office clerks and secretaries and in retailing.Benefiting from expanded educationa l opportunities, white, conservative women in the late nineteenth century get toed the professions in growing numbers, initially as teachers, librarians, social workers, and nurses, and later in a variety of passage paths, from firefighting and police work to the law, medicine, the ministry, higher education, and in the corporate world. Historically, patterns of participation in the paid labor force lay down varied dramatically by marital status as well as by ethnicity and nativity. Until the 1930s, most wage-earning women were unmarried.As late as 1960, only one-third of married women were gainfully employeda figure that obscures a common pattern of irregular yet continuing labor-force participation. Only in the late twentieth century did that pattern decisively shift. In 1997, 61. 3 part of married women were in the labor force (Boydston). Although only in the late twentieth century did most labor unions show an interest in organizing female workers, women in the paid labor force long constituted an aggressive force for reform. In the government of the U. S. women, such as Hilary Clinton, are only if as strong and knowledgeable as men.Women have run for president, in that respect has been a cleaning lady as secretary of state, as have many other women who have been incorporated into the government staff. Men have incessantly been mingled in the government. The obvious facts of this are all of the male presidents that have been in office, there has never been a female president, not to say that there never will be. at that place will be, one day, a women in office running the United States. In the 1995 World Conference on Women, 189 governments committed to ensure womens equal access to and full participation in power structures and decision-making. To fulfill this strategic objective, governments also pledged to prove the intention of sexual urge balance in governmental bodies and committees as well as in public administrative entities and in the judiciary. Six geezerhood later, not much has changed womens representation in politics body dismally low. (UNDP 2). Today women are only 13. 7 share of parliaments world-wide according to data collected by the Inter-Parliamentary Union, a mere 0. 6 percent increase annually. In the Asia Pacific, women are 14. 2 percent of home(a) parliaments (UNDP 1).At this rate, it will put in 75 long time before women attain equal representation in national governments. At the local level, the situation is no different women define up a small percentage of legislative councils and other local bodies in most countries in the world. Only Sweden, Denmark and Finland in Europe have reached a critical mass of 30 percent women in local governments, while South Africa and Trinidad and Tobago come close at 28 and 23 percent respectively. In the Asia Pacific, womens representation in local governments has ranged from a low two percent to a high 30 percent (e. . India, Bangladesh and New Zea land)(UNDP 2-3). Even though women are told that they are equal in the government, according to the facts, they really are not. There are the obvious difference near men and women and sex, but men and women have different characteristics when it comes to sex. It probably wont surprise you to learn that researchers have found that men tend to initiate sex more frequently than do women. Researchers have also found that men tend to be more finale oriented, to consider the act of sex, especially orgasm, to be what love making is all just about.Women, in contrast, tend to focus more on tenderness and the calibre of their emotional relationship. Keep in mind that generalizations about human behavior, although dependable in the abstract, do not apply to individuals. Most men and women evidently have different emphases on sexual intercourse and emotional relationships, but any event individual whitethorn vary from this tendency. A particular man, for example, whitethorn be more orient ed toward intimacy, a particular woman toward having sex. Generalizations, then, can rail to stereotypes that paint everyone with the same broad brushstroke, causing us to overlook individual differences.One of the ways our culture inhibits womens sexuality is through stereotypes. A sexually promiscuous man is often looked up to by his booster stations. He is seen as a success in sexual matters, a conqueror, a sexual victor. In contrast, a woman who has many sexual partners is not as probably to be viewed in the same way. Questions are likely to be raised about why she is like that. People may refer to her by negative terms, such as whore. Although this double true of stereotypes is easing, it persists. When it comes to staring(a)ity men and women typically re viewed different. Women expressed more positive feelings about their decision, and they were more apt to say they were proud or satisfied with their virginity. Men, in contrast, were more apt to say they felt embarrasse d or even guilty about their virginity. The reason for this difference in attitude about virginity is likely due to sexuality roles, to differences about what is expected of men and women. There appears to be a general idea that if a woman is a virgin, she is one by choice, but if a man is a virgin, he has problems of slightly sort.It seems that a woman can wait for the right person, or for marriage, but a man ought to be seeking sexand the more sex he has, the manlier he is. In short, being a virgin may challenge a mans masculinity, but not a womans femininity. In relationships between men and women some say that men and women can just be friends. They way men chose their friends is not just my the females own(prenominal)ity. A man choses his female friends by how attracted he is to them. Even if it is just a small attraction, its still there. A man isnt discharge to initiate friendship with someone he deems ugly, or unprepossessing.The same goes for women. So, in essence men and women cannot just be friends. There is always something more there to tempt either the man or the women, whether he/she is in another relationship or not, to have some kind of whether it be physical or emotional connection with that friend. When polled, 58% said yes , and 42% said no men and women cannot just be friends ( Friends). So really there are no certain(prenominal) answers to this question. Throughout history, womens rights have been the subject of much debate and controversy.The concept of a womans right can take a variety of forms including voting, reproductive control, equality in the workplace and service in the military. In most societies the womens movement has confront opposition and equality has been hard won. Equal rights campaigners have championed the movement with the goal of establishing fair and comparable treatment for women under law. Evidence dating from around 8500 B. C suggests that in Ancient Egyptian societys work was divided on gender lines with the women assuming agricultural duties and the men victorious on the role of hunter/gatherer (sampson).Progress has been made over the decades, but there is still debate over some aspects of womens rights and the extent to which they have effectively redressed the earlier imbalance. In a 2009 report published by the Department of Labor, it is state that on average women earn approximately 80 percent of the requital a man is paid for the same job. Whilst this is an improvement from 30 years before, when a woman earned 62 percent of a mans salary, it does still not represent full parity.Reproductive rights are also a contend issue with opinions divided on whether abortion should remain legal. In a 2009 poll by CBS news, 23 percent of respondents believed abortion should be immoral versus 34 percent fully supportive of abortion without constraint, and 40 percent in favor of keeping the practice legal but with stricter controls (Sampson). Even though women have rose in society the re is always that barrier that was created long ago restricting some peoples views of womens freedom and power in society. Men and women also tend to handle different situations differently.Perhaps if something breaks, the woman is more apt to be cool down about the situation when the man is more apt to have a complete melt down about the situation. When an argument happens and the man is damage he backs down, when a woman is wrong she back tracks her point and someways proves the man wrong, or so he thinks. When women are right they male parentt boast or rub it in so to speak. When men are right they are the first ones to say I told you so. Are women naturally more risk-averse or less inclined to enter a competitive situation? Or are they trained to be that way?Why women and men might have different preferences or risk attitudes has been discussed but not tested by economists. Broadly speaking, those differences may be due to nurture, nature, or some combination of the two. For instance, boys are pushed to take risks and act competitively when participating in sports, and girls are often advance to remain cautious. Thus, the choices made by men could be due to the nurturing received from parents or peers. Similarly, the disinclination of women to take risks or act competitively could be the result of parental or peer contract not to do so. Educational psychologists argue that the gendered aspect of individuals behaviour is brought into play by the gender of others with whom they interact, and that there may be more pressure for girls to maintain their gender identity in schools where boys are present than for boys when girls are present. In a coeducational environment, girls are more explicitly confronted with adolescent subculture (such as personal attractiveness to members of the opposite sex) than they are in a single-sex environment. This may lead them to conform to societys expectations of how girls should behave to avoid social rejection. ( Booth). If competitive behaviour or risk avoidance is viewed as being a part of female gender identity, while risk-seeking is a part of male gender identity, then a coeducational school environment might lead girls to make less competitive and risky choices than boys. It is hypothesized that hypothesized that woman and men may differ in their propensity to choose a risky outcome for some(prenominal) reasons innate references or because their innate preferences are modified by pressure to conform to gender-stereotypes. Single-sex environments are likely to modify students risk-taking preferences in economically substantial ways.Our specific conjectures were that girls from single-sex schools are less risk averse than girls from coed schools, and that girls in same-gender groups are less risk averse than girls in coed groups. It has been conjectured that girls in same-gender environments (single-sex schooling or same-gender experimental groups) are no less risk-averse than boys. Naturally it is assumed that women are less risky than boys this is because the women always feels like she has to be the protector and if she is taking risks she is not able to protect the ones taking risks.

Comm essay

The council members consist of Mayor Adam Sanchez, Mayor master Tem Russell Beets and council members, Joe McKee, Jan Rye, and Scott Mats. Eric Johnson s a consultant with Revenue Cost Specialist he discusses his company and matches costs with revenue. Within twenty-five years hes worked in everyplace two hundred agencies and five contrary states. It started with two city four-in-hands afterward the passage of proposition 4 and 13, in which they saw the need for cities to be able to match up the cost with their revenues.Proposition 13 limits what can be d iodin with taxes, comp atomic number 18d to Proposition 4, which allows fees. You argon non divergence to stay in worry very long if you dont hunch forward what revenues you are bringing in verses what cost you are bringing said Johnson ruing his brief presendation. In his introduction, Eric mentioned questions a good deal(prenominal) as What services are creation provided to the unexclusive? Whos providing those serv ices? and What does that cost? With that macrocosm said he went through and make adjustments to public fees and some relieve oneself gone up as well as d possess.Although, I am not too certain of what exactly was beingness discussed, these questions definitely made me think about how money is being washed-out. I may not be familiar with certain topics, however I do overcompensate taxes and I should make it a priority to be intricate and know exactly where my money is being invested. Its up to the city council to decide how fees are paid, only it is our tax money that is being used so it is historic to be aware of these decisions. Another topic that was brought up was the wall painting the public does not agree that it takes eight hours to approve a mural.The city manager Martin States the benefits, salaries, and overhead cost are included, then a staff radical along with an agenda that is published by the adman assistant is sent to the commission. The city council claim s it is the true cost for the current staffing that they have to process one application to go to the commission. Larry Ken has complained several times about the showdown taking to long to process a mural, as he is lecture he is cut off and does not appreciate that he is being rushed as he states his vexs.The council uses the save a pet mural to demonstrate the steps that take place, for example sometimes a collision with the chair is necessary and furthermore the artist themselves to discuss numbers etcetera Another topic that was brought up was the cost of melodic phrase license, so some peck work out of their homes and many are complaining that they are not being paid due to high prices. Currently, if you do not have a business location in the city and your business is in Palm Springs and your doing landscaping in Desert Hot Springs it is iterate the business license fee.A city council member is concerned to whether this is reasonable and how it is being monitored. Some cities do not even require a business license, however DISH has a business license tax per ordinance. In closing, it was brought up amongst the council that city matters are better off handling administratively to avoid public hearings. As council members or mayors they eve a disposition to get over involved in city business sooner of referring to staff, which would make it much easier to conduct city business.Council member McKee feels it is necessary to be friendly to the people that live there as well as the businesses. There are several things that need to be reduced such as the event fee, mural fees, and possibly get rid of the garage sales fee. However it is argued that if the garage sales fee is removed possibly residents will try to make it and everyday event, then again it should not be a fee everyone has to pay. Business licenses need to be simplify and made a lot heaper so it will encourage people actually to get them rather than avoid them.As a city council, a polic y should be made every three years compared to vii years, this is for good management and to be aware Of where money is being spent due to current budget issues. Im glad we had this assignment it gave me a different perspective to how important I am as a resident. I pay taxes yet I am not even aware fatwa they are being used for, that alone is a main concern of mine. Ive become more interested in what goes on in my own city, and plan to go to the next council meeting that is held.Some of the arguments that were brought up were reasonable but some also did not have enough evidence to hold up their statement. It is important to do research before you speak because council members are not afraid to cut you off based on how much information that must be covered in such a short period of time. It is not in a sense to be rude, however with so much to discuss it is important to Stay on track and take more time on the bigger issues going on. As a city we should all be more involved and vo ice our opinions that is one of the reasons why these meetings are held to begin with.

On what grounds have Liberals defended democracy

Liberals, no matter classical or moderne, opine in small state. As Thomas Paine put it Government, veritable(a) in its surmount state, is but a necessary evil. This concept links nicely with the composition of democracy, which literally means rule by people. Liberals set about defended democracy on the grounds that people must create a way of protecting themselves against the government and its actions.This type of democracy is also referred to as protective democracy. Moreover, democracy opens an ability for people to choose. In a polished democracy, for instance, people would voting on every occasion ND policy, wherefore the core liberal idea of individualism would flourish in its practicedest. However, in modern society it is practically impossible to have pure democracy, so we have to resort to participatory democracy.This still support the idea of individualism, as each vote counts towards the end result. Moreover, democracy improves policy-making participation as pe ople know that their voices lead be heard. It also encourages political knowledge in order to make the best choice of the candidate, which links with the idea of reason and the core period in liberalisms history of enlightenment.By being thinking(prenominal) and self-seeking, individuals will want the best for themselves, hence they will seek to vote for the candidate that suits their needs and beliefs best, In order to do so, they will have to read, debate or learn about them by other means, which will increase the overall Intelligence of Individuals and therefore help them achieve their full potential, which Is what modern liberals believe is the main function of the government. Talking about modern liberalism, they have also defended democracy on the grounds that It promotes pluralism In our society.Democracy gives many competing groups, such as political parties or pressure groups, a political voice, which connects those to the political system and hence maintains political stability. constancy Is further promoted In terms of Individuals they all have a vote, and even If their candidate looses the election, a rational Individual will understand that the candidate who won had the volume support. In conclusion, liberals have defended democracy as It adheres to their core principles of Individualism and reason, as well as their view of the persona of the government. ICC will increase the overall intelligence of individuals and therefore help them achieve their full potential, which is what modern liberals believe is the main defended democracy on the grounds that it promotes pluralism in our society. Maintains political stability. Stability is further promoted in terms of individuals they all have a vote, and even if their candidate looses the election, a rational individual liberals have defended democracy as it adheres to their core principles of individualism and reason, as well as their view of the role of the government.

Types of spoofing

Chapter 2 Types of Spoofing2.1 Distributed Denial of Service AttackThe IP spoofing is largely apply in Distributed denial of service oncomings ( DDoS ) , in which hackers be pertain with devouring bandwidth and resources by deluging the mark soldiery machine with as some packages as likely in a short span of pasture. To efficaciously carry oning the onslaught, hackers spoof low IP addresses to do tracing and feeble the DDoS either bit sound as practical. Here the aggressor s gages network and identifies the bonifaces with known exposures and compromise them to put in onslaught plan and so exploits the exposures to derive the root access code. 6 2.2 Non-blind spoofingThis type of onslaught takes topographic suggest when the hacker is on the same subnet as the mark that prat arrest date and recognition of every package. This type of spoofing is session commandeering and an aggressor can short-circuit any hallmark steps taken topographic prove to piss the radio link. This is achieved by perverting the DataStream of an established connexion, so re-establishing it based on powerful sequence and acknowledgement Numberss with the onslaught host machine.2.2 Blind spoofingThis type of onslaughts may take topographic point from outside where sequence and acknowledgement Numberss be non approachable. Hackers normally send several packages to the mark host machine in order to try sequence Numberss, which is suited in old yearss. at a time a yearss, active every OSs implement random sequence recruit coevals for the packages, doing it hard to foretell the sequence examine of packages accurately. If, nevertheless, the sequence figure was compromised, randomness can be sent to the mark host machine.2.4 opus in the Middle AttackThis onslaught is likewise known as connexion oriented highjacking. In this onslaught chiefly the aggressor or the interrupter go away assail the legal communicating between two parties and eliminates or modifies the knowledge sh ard between the two hosts without their cognition. This is how the aggressor will gull a mark host and steal the developments by hammering the original host s individuality. In the TCP communicating desynchronized province is given by connexion oriented highjacking. Desynchronized connexion is that when the package sequence figure varies for the banner package and the expected packet.TCP bed will make up ones nous whether to buffer the package or fling it depending on the existent set of the standard sequence figure. Packages will be discarded or unheeded when the two machines are desynchronized. Attacker may shoot spoofed packages with the exact sequence Numberss and alteration or insert messages to the communicating. By remaining on the communicating way between two hosts flak catcherer can modify or alter packages. Making the desynchronized province in the meshwork is the cardinal construct of this onslaught. 12 2.5 DecisionAssorted types of IP spoofing and its onslaughts are explained in this chapter. Here we have discussed about four types of burlesquing onslaughts like Distributed Denial of Service Attack, Non-blind spoofing, blind burlesquing and Man-in-the-middle onslaught, and in addition how these onslaughts can make jobs to destination machines. Various Security demands are discussed in the undermentioned chapter.Chapter 3 Security Requirements3.1 Network entertainive cover demandsThe Internet became the largest public information vane, enabling both personal and connect communications world panoptic. Day to 24 hours the information trafficking is increasing exponentially over the internet universe and besides in the corporate entanglements. As the engineer is developing the velocity of communicating is increasing via electronic mail nomadic workers, telecommuters. Internet is besides practised chiefly to link corporate webs to the subdivision offices.As the technolgy developed the use of earnings has became much and besides use of different engineerings became much at the same magazine protective cover menace besides became more(prenominal) and gave fortune to more faulties to make at that place things.so the corporations utilizing them should protect and increase the credential.The web onslaughts became really serious as they are more effectual for the concerns because they origin the of import and sensitive informations, as the personal banking records or the concern and medical studies. If the onslaught is done on such sort of corporates it is really hard to retrieve the doomed informations which besides leads to free the privateness and takes batch of clip to retrieve.The cyberspace would besides be the safest manner to make the concern contempt the dearly-won opportunitys.For illustration, It is non safe to give the recognition card inside informations to the telemarketer through and through the phone or even a server in the restaurent this is more hazardous than give the ins ide informations in the web because certificate engineering will protect electronic commercialism minutess. The telemarketers and servers may non be that safer or trustworthy because we can non supervise them all the clip. The fright of credentials jobs could be rail atful to concerns as existent security voilates. Due to the misgiving on the cyberspace the fright and the intuition of computing machines still exists.For the administrations that depends on the web will diminish there oppurtunities due to this misgiving. To avoid this security constabularies should be purely taken by the companies and besides instate the precautions that are effective.To protect their clients Organizations should adequately pass on.Companies should take the security stairss to non merely protect there clients from security breaches but besides there employers and the spouses information which are of import for them. Internet, intranet and extranet are used by the employers and the spouses for the ef ficient and the fast communication.These communicating and the efficiency should be looked after because they are more effectd by the web onslaughts. Attackers do the onslaught straight because this takes the tonss of clip for the employers to retrieve and reconstruct the lost informations and takes much clip even in the web harm control. loss of clip and valuble informations could greatly impact employee effectivity and assurance. The other chief ground for the demand of web security is the Legislation. harmonizing to the serveys conducted by the authorities they came to cognize about the importance of cyberspace for the universes economic position, they besides recognize that the aggressors consequence on the cyberspace could besides do the economic harm to the universe. National authoritiess are mounting Torahs to baffle the huge watercourse of electronic information. Companies developed the schemes to procure the day of the month in the safe manner in consent to set up the or dinances given by government.The companies which does non take security constabularies to protect the information conformity will be voilated and penalized.3.2 System security demandsIn these yearss plying security had became a tough undertaking for all the bisiness and the different administrations. Security must be provided to the clients and the of import informations to safeguard them from the malicious and nonvoluntary leaks. cultivation is really of import for every endeavor, it may be the usage records or rational belongings. By the CIOs it became possible to clients, employees and spouses to acquire the informations in fraction of seconds.The make up of money besides became more to make all these things.There are three grounds for which this information may fall in hazard they are ( I ) when the concern mathematical operation interruptions down ( two ) employee mistake ( three ) spreads in security.Hazard is so from client and competitory force per unit areas, regulative and corporate conformity, and the lifting cost promotion of informations leaks Information one of the of import resources of financial introduction s. To take note the trust between the spouses or develop the assurance in the clients it is more of import to supply the good security which will be helpful for the good traveling and the repute of the company. At the same clip legitimate information is necessary to treat minutess and comfirm client determinations. A fiscal nerve s net income and capital can be affected if the information leaks to unauthorised companies. Information security is one of of import procedure by which an organisation protects and secures its systems, media, and maintain information of import to its operations. The fiscal fundamental laws have a great duties to protect the states fiscal service infrastucture On a wide criterion. The fiscal security of the client will besides depends on the security provided to the industry systems and its informations.eff ective security programs should be taken by the Individual fiscal establishments and their service providersfor their operational complexness.there should be a strong and effectual tabular array to keep and take attention of these security policies in order to protect the company from the security menaces or any other malicious flack catchers.there should be a regular guidance to the administrations on the security precations they take to supply the companies, so that we can acquire the more effectual consequences and can wear out the administrations security degree aswell. organisations frequently inaccurately recognize information security as status of controls. As the Security is an on-going procedure in boilers suit security stead the status of a fiscal establishment depends on the index. Other indexs implicate the power of the establishment to continually measure its stance and react appropriately in the face of quickly changing menaces, engineerings, and concern conditio ns. A fiscal establishment establishes and maintains truly effectual information security when it continuously integrates procedures, people, and engineering to alleviate hazard in conformity with hazard appraisal and acceptable hazard tolerance degrees. By establishing a security procedure fiscal establishments secure there risks they recognizes hazards, forms a strategy to collect off the hazards, implements the strategy, tests the executing, and proctors the ambiance to pull off the hazards. A fiscal establishment outsources all of their information processing. Examiners use this brochure while measuring the fiscal establishment s hazard direction procedure, including the duties, responsibilities, and occupation of the service beginning for information security and the oversight exercised by the fiscal establishment. 3 3.3 Information security demandsAn information security scheme is a program to palliate hazards while staying by with legal, Statutory, internally and contractu al developed demands. Typical stairss to constructing a scheme include the definition of control aims, the appraisal and designation of attacks to carry through into the aims, the choice of controls, prosodies, the constitution of benchmarks and the readying of execution and proving programs. The pick of controls is typically depends on cost comparison of different strategic attacks to minimise the hazard.The cost comparing typically contrasts the costs of different attacks with the possible additions a fiscal establishment could recognize in footings of increased handiness, confidentality or unity of systems and informations. These additions may include reduced fiscal losingss, improved client assurance, regulative conformity and ordained audit findings. Any peculiar attack should see the followersPolicies, processs and criterionsTechnology designResource dedicationTesting andTraining.For illustration, an establishment s direction may be measuring the right strategic attack to t he security supervision of activities for an Internet environment. There are two possible attacks identified for rating. The first attack utilizes a combination of web and host detectors with a staffed supervision centre. The 2nd attack consists of every twenty-four hours entree log scrutiny. The first option is judged much more capable of discover an onslaught in clip to cut down any harm to the establishment and its informations, even though at a much more cost. The added cost is wholly appropriate when establishment processing capablenesss and the client informations are exposed to an onslaught, such as in an Internet banking sphere. The 2nd attack may be suited when the primary hazard is reputational harm, such as when the Web site is non connected to other fiscal establishment systems and if the lone(prenominal) information is protected is an information-only Web site.

A Critical Analysis of My Strengths and Weaknesses

A Critical Analysis of My Strengths and Weaknesses in the acquirements of cockyness self-assertiveness enables us to act in our own best interests, to stand up for ourselves without overweening anxiety, to exercise personalized rights without denying the rights of former(a)s, and to express our seeings honestly and comfortably (Alberti & Emmons, 2008). Within interpersonal communication, the skill of assertion is absolutely vital it is a skill we ar constantly utilising either consciously or unconsciously.Through nurturing the skill of cockyness a person whitethorn arrive fruitful relationships with family, friends, peers, superiors and subordinates (Rakos, 1997) based on reality and equality. The skill of assertiveness screwing be viewed in differently in human face diverse refinements, for example in the highly extraverted, expressive and individualistic elaboration that is apparent in America assertiveness is a particularly important, if non essential skill. til no w in the much more reserved and introverted culture of Britain more emphasis is placed on interpersonal sensitivity, being a rewarding partner and the use of non-verbal signals (Forgas, 1985). The skill of presumption has 9 main functions, these include helping individuals to ensure that their personal rights are non violated, actualize reasonable requests of others, recognise the personal rights of others, avoid unnecessary aggressive conflicts and confidently, and openly communicate their position regarding any issue (Hargie, 2009).Assertiveness is a skill that is intimate and training is available for those who may find it hard to assert their feelings deep down a social context. Assertiveness is a great skill to hold however there are generation when an assertive response may in fact be the least responsive, in such eras a non assertive or nonoperational response may be what is required. The different levels of response are displayed good by the continuum which ranges from Non Assertive Assertive Aggressive.In most instances people should aim to remain as close to assertive on the continuum as possible, as this promotes both standing up for yourself whilst in like manner taking the other persons views into consideration. As a result of my Assertiveness practical I ground myself to be just slightly towards the more non-assertive side of the continuum. I was kind of an pleased with this result as I did not want to be positioned too close to aggressive or non assertive.Throughout the Assertiveness Practical I had a number of Strengths which were outweighed by kinda a number of Weaknesses, this is natural as Rakos stated Assertion is a lettered skill, not a trait that a person has or lacks. An battleground throughout the practical in which I was strong was Gesturing, upon analysing my video I found my gestures to be smooth and fluid, I feel this conveyed a non-verbal cognitive content that I was calm within the situation. Accentuating yo ur message with appropriate gestures house convey emphasis, openness and warmth.A relaxed use of gestures behind add depth or supply to your messages (Alberti & Emmons, 2008). Another area which analysing my practical revealed I was strong was Paralanguage this endure include an individuals rate of speech, intensity, tone and volume. I found the tone of my voice to be conversational but not besides friendly and I mat this was perfect for the situation, the other people involved in the practical commented on the intensity of my voice being quite firm but not intimidating as the still felt up comfortable.This is quite an important aspect of being assertive as a Kimble and Seidel study showed that those who spoke with a dominant conversational tone where comprehend as being confident and therefore more likely to descend a more adequate answers (Richmond & McCroskey, 2000). Analysing my practical led me to see that I excelled in complex direct assertion, most notably the use of embellishments. Embellishments change magnitude the social risk whilst having a discussion with someone, however if they are apply too much they can be seen as false and can charge a persons argument. I was particularly well versed in the use of both Praise and Empathy.An example of this in my practical was when the woman, who was trying to return a phone which was out of warrantee said you must understand where Im coming from in response to this I said of course I do scat X, I was in your position just over a family ago before I began to work here and you are discourse the situation much better than I did. The woman who prior to this gentleman of dialogue was getting rather agitated seemed to calm down and contract to terms with what I was trying to explain. Hargie states that empathic assertion conveys sensitivity to the other person therefrom allowing that person to feel understood and not undermined.Although I had a number of Strengths throughout my practical I als o had quite a few weaknesses which are illustrated by my personal assertiveness gillyflower score which was +9, although the class average was +2, my score still showed that I can be assertive but find it quite difficult. One of the weaknesses I noticed was that I failed to glide by eye pertain with the person in my practical this was a major flaw and undoubtedly hindered my assertiveness. At quite regular intervals, namely when the discussion was getting a bit heated, I tended to look at the desk in front of me rather than focus on the other person.Gaze aversion is typically an intentional act, you may be uncertain of yourself and do not want him/her to see it in your eyes (Richmond & McCroskey, 2000). This was belike the case in my practical, I was unfamiliar with the given situation and felt that I was out of my depth thus I avoided eye contact I can now see that this was a critical mistake. The secant major flaw that I had involved my body posture, upon analysing the pract ical I workd that during our entire interaction my body was never directly face the other persons.When talk to another person, notice how much more personal the conversation becomes with a slight turn of the shoulders and torso toward the other person, this suggests self-assertion and openness to the conversation at hand (Alberti & Emmons, 2008). I now realise from my practical I was portraying quite a defensive posture, thus not frame upting the other person at ease whilst talking to me. Also from a defensive posture it is a lot harder to be assertive as the other person is likely to already have a certain prejudice about you.My final and most crying(a) weakness was overuse of the broken record approach, after analysing my practical academic session I realised that I employ the phrase I am sorry, but there is nothing I can do a staggering amount of times. This is not a good tactic to habituate as it can frustrate the other person, it can also dilute the argument and take a way the relevance of what you are saying. Persistence should not be confused with the broken record method, be fair with others and keep after them until theyre fair with you (Alberti & Emmons, 2008).Throughout my practical I also used too much you language, this attributed responsibility to the other person and was possibly too aggressive rather than assertive. In conclusion I feel that as a whole my assertiveness practical was a mastery there are a number of areas in which I can improve vastly such as posture and eye contact. However I feel that I did do extremely well in a few areas, these being gesturing and embellishments. Jim Rohn once said Every time we speak we choose one of the four basic communication styles assertive, aggressive, passive and passive aggressive.This quotation helps me to illustrate that our learning of the skill of Assertion is continuous, throughout this practical research I have realised that Assertiveness is a great facet of an individuals personality , and when used right can be an outstanding tool. When a person has mastered the skill they will know when to be assertive, whom to be assertive with and with what intensity to put their message across ( ledger of Communication, Volume 19, Issue 03, Pages 257-265). In a nonage of places where cultural sensitivity is raw assertion may be deemed close to wreck less.Nevertheless, assertion that accommodates cultural norms is an accepted communication style and is astray used the world over. (Hargie, 2002) References Alberti, R. and Emmons, M. (1975) Stand Up, Speak Out, Talk Back The let on to Assertive Behaviour. Pocket Books, New York Alberti, R. and Emmons, M. (2008) Youre Perfect Right, Assertiveness and equality in Your Life and Relationships. Impact, San Luis Obisopo American Communication Journal, Volume 10, Issue 01, rebound 2008. Forgas, J. (1985) Interpersonal Bahaviour The Psychology of Social Interaction. Hargie, O. , Dickson, D.Skilled Interpersonal Communication, Res earch, Theory and Practice, 7th edition. Routledge, London. Chapter 11. Journal of Communication, Volume 19, Issue 03, Pages 257-265, September 1969 Knapp, M. and Vangelisti, A. (2006) Interpersonal Communication and Human Relationships. Allyn and Bacon, Texas Rakos, R. (2006) Assertive Behaviour Theory, Research and Training. Routledge, London. Richmond, V. and McCroskey, J. (2000) NonVerbal Behaviour in Interpersonal Relationships, Allyn and Bacon, Texas The electronic Journal of Communication, Volume 13, Number 4 2003. Townend, A. (2007) Assertiveness and Diversity. Palgrave, Basingstoke.

Are People Too Dependent On Technology Today?

People love things to be easier, thats why large number invented engineering. As many more technology is created, there has been a fence whether we are becoming excessively dependent on technology today. In this Essay I get out justify if peck are in any case dependent on Technology today.Some people say we habit technology in everything and in every single day of our life that we shadowert live without it. Others say technologies are just there to abet us do things easier. Yes, people are too dependent on technology today because we barely use books and notebooks for studying, most of us direct does not use maps and clutch anymore, and people right away rely on emails, messages, social networking and others. To begin with, we barely use books and notebooks for studying in a flashadays. Students now mastermind advantage of Internet to do their assignments without many efforts.Students today withdraw to use technology for even just copying notes. Our books and notebook s are slowly replaced by laptops, tablets, eBooks and etc. Most t to each oneers now put notes and textbooks online for easy access. Some bookmans birdcall some school today becalm does not allow student to use electronics to take notes or use it for books. Maybe this is true only when school board leave probably change this rule for the wide-cut of all students. Second, most of us does not use maps or compass anymore. Nowadays, people depend on GPS to find places instead of using the skilful old fashion maps. GPS is a satellite base system for navigation, it outright show you the way to the place you want to go. These days no integrity bothers to buy or even use maps. Most people now back tootht go anywhere without GPS with them.A few people would still prefer to use maps because GPS fucking distract people from driving and can cause serious accidents. This might be true but it is ruffianly to imagine that people who use GPS regularly can still hark back how to look up a map. And lastly, people now depend on emails, messages, social networking etc. We now rely on technology to plug in with our friends and families. The traditional way of writing and sending letter is now creation replaced with communication by mobile, emails, social network etc. In addition, we can now talk and see our friends and family in the same time by dint of technology.What is more, workplaces are becoming more and more dependent upon technology. Most of employees have their own mobile phone or computer so that they could commute informationor documents as soon as they want without going away their desks. Although, there are still some people would rather hand person to person to do things together or to avoid construe conversation. While this perhaps true, nowadays people are too fussy that we do not have time to see each other anymore or we are too far away from each other.Through mobiles, emails, and etc. we can connect with anyone faster, cheaper, and easier. It is clear that we depend on young technology too much today. Not only we are too reliant on it, society now considers technology as necessity. even though technology helps us do everything easier, we cannot forget about the incompetent effects it brings to us. Using modern technology for everything makes people lazier and inactive in life. We now remarkably dependent on technology that now people hardly use books and notebooks, people lost the knowledge of using maps, and now people would rather communicate through mobile, emails, social networking etc. to each other. We are no slowly seized by technology. Someday our world will change and the things we have now and before will disappear and will be taken over by Technology.

Ethical Egoism & Psychological Egoism Essay

Ethical expedience which simply kn receive as egoism, is of normative & smashed nature which states that a person should do any(prenominal) he/she likes and whatever which is in their interest. It also states that a person serveing any represent other than influence of cardinal own interest does not start out under egoism. Robert Olson in his book The morality of self-interest (1965) stated a theory that cardinal should do whatever that promotes or supports ones self interest, if everyone starts doing it, then it will collectively promote their in the flesh(predicate)ized interest. there atomic number 18 three diverse forms of ethical egoism which are individual, in-person and universal. Individual ethical egoism states that all nation should do what is in their best interest. Personal ethical egoism states that one should do whatever is in ones best interest but outhouset compel anyone what they should do. Universal ethical egoism discuss that everyone should do what is in their best interest. Psychological egoism Psychological egoism is a descriptive type of theory. This theory states that all actions of individuals are aggravated by their personal interest even if it seems to be act of benignant.People unless act to attain their own interests intentionally or unintentional, directly or indirectly. It also states that whatever people do or act they for the most part intend to do that, while doing it they might act selfishly. An objection regarding mental theory was stated by William Hazlitt and Thomas Macaulay (1991) that If a person volitionally performs an act, that means he derives personal enjoyment from it therefore, people yet perform acts that give them personal enjoyment. This statement concludes that a person will only perform those acts which fulfill their self interest, satisfaction or pleasure. Fallacy in Psychological Egoism The major fallacy in Psychological egoism is hasty generalization Humans are often known to tame or a ct for the welfare of others like donating in charity, doing extend work, much(prenominal) acts are not visibly turn a profitting the one who is doing it. Therefore, it rejects the thought that this theory is relevant under all circumstances, that humans only do what benefits them.In other case people might do such acts which will lastly harm them like smoking, drug addiction or suicide, conscience are also a factor that influence ones action. If one considers all acts that harm or act of conscience then no action remains thats not a form of psychological egoism. Strong and Weak Versions of Ethical Egoism According to strong ethical egoism it is always right(a) to intend ones own self interest, and not at all right not to do so. Weak ethical egoism states that it is always right to intend ones own self interest, but it is inevitably never right not to do such a thing.Therefore, basically if one does something thats for its own greatest good like attaining success it can be ap plied on both types of egoism thats strong and flimsy egoism. But if one acts in a way that is not of necessity in his/ or her greatest benefit for instance doing a volunteer work in a hospital or a cataclysm struck area, then there are certainly more compensable ways by which one can effectively use his clip although they might not be as morally positive.In such a case weak ethical egoism supports and shows flexibility in this regard. Contrast of Doctrine of Theories For ethical egotist the motivation is personal pleasure, your personal benefit can be monetary or otherwise, survival or existence, personal achievement, fame and all those consequences that one visualizes to be fulfilling his personal needs of all kind. If not properly understood ethical egoism promotes greediness & selfishness amongst people where your sole intention/ motivation is your own personal interest.For Psychological egoist the motivation can be anything other peoples benefit that is satisfying your se nse of responsibility, your pleasure arising by fulfilling your moral obligation, your intrinsic enjoyment arising out of your hard work, your duty or your volunteer act of portion others. Although also in the psychological theory the end product is the personal benefit but ethically it seems productive than ethical egoism which is highly inclined toward misinterpretation.

Main sources of water pollution in urban areas versus rural areas Essay

Water progress tos approximately 70 percent of the earths near and therefore it is a signifi stopt preference (Krantz and Kifferstein (n. d. ). It is a vital re ancestor for without pee, life would cease to exist on earth. It is however unfortunate that scorn cosmos a precious commodity, pissing defilement is existent everyplace ranging from the bucolic atomic number 18as to the urban beas. The World Factbook (2010, p. 1) defines defilement as the contamination of a healthy environment by man-made waste. In case of pee befoulment, there is introduction of large amounts of substances into the body of piddle supply yielding it unsuitable for intend use.Water pollutants ar classified as either point blood line contamination or non-point start befoulment. Either path, these occur in twain hoidenish and urban places but with differing magnitude. It is besides notable that major quotations of irrigate pollution differ in urban and boorish areas. This paper compares and contrasts amidst major pee pollutants in homespun and urban areas. Causes of irrigate pollution in rural areas It is notable that urine system pollution in rural areas principal(prenominal)ly affects ground pissing since ground water supply forms the major source of water for rural populations.Ground water is usually contaminated in case there are leakages and in the ground tanks or in case of municipal land lodge ins. As originally stated, water pollution shag be point source pollution or nonpoint source pollution. In point source pollution there is direct introduction of pollutants into the water as opposed to nonpoint source pollution whereby pollutants are indirectly introduced into the water. Krantz and Kifferstein (n. d. ) render that run- dour fertilizer is a good example of nonpoint water pollution whereas anoint colour spill is a good illustration of point water pollution.From this illustration, it is apparent(a) that nonpoint forms of water poll ution are much likely to be effectuate in rural areas whereas point pollution is more likely to be witnessed in urban areas. In rural areas, the main source of water pollution is find- overspill. This introduces a variety of pollutants especially chemics that are used for hoidenish purposes. Nitrates and phosphoric are roughhewnly used in bring abouting more so in European countries such(prenominal) as England, Wales and Ireland. These countries expect bypast to the extent of classifying some farms as nitrate vulnerable zones to indicate that the farms empennage easily cause nitrate pollution.The risk of nitrate and phosphorous pollution add-ons depending on the time when the fertilizers are applied, the rate at which the fertilizers are applied, how fertilizers are handled and the distance between the point where fertilizers are applied and watercourses (Murray, 2010). An increase in nitrates and phosphorus causes aquatic plants to proliferate so ca use atomic number 8 depletion as sanitary as turbidity not to mention the clogging of water passages. This is detrimental to aquatic life as well as dependants of aquatic resources.It is notable that run-off water pollution is also referred to as shell out water pollution and it also entails run-off from farm buildings as well as farm roads. Manure is also likely to be washed down into water bodies during rainfall periods thus acting as a give out water pollution source. A study carried out by Nkwonta and Ochieng 2009) in Soghanguve area, rural South Africa, indicated that run-off from farms as well as household waste were the overabundant pollutants in the local rivers. In do-gooder, pollution from fertilizer run-off made up to 50 percent of the water run-off pollution.Other farming chemicals such as pesticides were significant water pollutants in the region thus confirming diffuse water pollution ascribable to farming activities as the main water pollutant in rural areas. Silt and wash-off fro m fields causes eutrophication whereby water bodies tend to fill up and aquatic life is harmed due to impaired respiration and suffocation. Agro-based industries are mentioned as major sources of pollution in rural areas. According to Narendra (2010), effluents from agro-based industries concur a striking role in pollution of water in rural areas.This is in combination with the already mentioned extravagant application of chemical fertilizers. Narendra (2010) further reports that an assessment of 179,999 ground water sites in 26 states leads pollutants such as fluoride, nitrate, salinity, arsenic and iron as per a report by the department of Drinking Water Supply. Pollution in River Hindon is said to arise from up to 28 agro-based industries. The release of chemicals from agro-based industries causes change in water pH as well as foaming thus interfering with the aquatic environment. outpouring of agrochemicals such as DDT pollutes water and the chemicals are passed finished th e food chain to human beings. Organic pollution especially from sewage is also a common source of water pollution in rural areas. The organic fertiliser contented in sewage promotes proliferation of microorganisms that pollute water by causing disease as well as using up oxygen contained in water as they decompose the organic substances. Oxygen depletion leads to an imbalanced aquatic ecosystem. Organic water pollutants in rural areas can also emanate from decomposing plants, pastures as well as stock waste.It is primal to identify that un do by organic waste such as sewage or farm overflows introduce disease causing organisms such as bacteria and protozoan and diseases such as dysentery are a predictable outcome. To put extra emphasis on the contribution of rude wastes as water pollutants in rural areas, it is worth considering a earth such as China. China stocks the largest number of pigs in the world (470 one million million pigs as compared to 950 million world pig sto ck) (Qing, 2007). China is also a leader in production of domesticated fowl and goats and therefore forming the largest water pollutant country.It is determine that most(prenominal) of the waste coming from the livestock farming activities is not do by well with pig farms discharging a lot of sewer water. The waste water from poultry and pig farms has low temperature and mire which is mainly organic leads to oxygen depletion in one case introduced into water bodies. It is estimated that if China continues to practice poultry and livestock farming, rural water pollution from these sources will exceed pollution from fertilizer and domestic wastes. Causes of water pollution in urban areasurban areas usually depend on ground water as stored underground tanks. The main causes of water pollution in urban areas are leaking pipes and contamination from water and sewage being close. Since urban water is sourced from a particular point, contamination at the source is also a major phenome non. Human waste, industrial effluents as well as household wastes have are important sources of water pollution in urban areas. Urban areas, just like rural areas, have overspill especially after rainfall and these contain pollutants that are of prominent concern.Sediments are a common component of urban runoff and these constitute the greatest components of urban water pollutants. Most sediment originates from the construction pains which thrives in most urban areas. The runoff may also contain other substances such as rubber, and automobile wastes (environmental Health and Safety Online, 2009). rock oil products are the main automobile wastes and these contain hydrocarbons. Other constituents of urban runoff include anti-icing chemicals, heavy metals, disease causing organisms such as bacteria, as well as organic materials.Pathogens and organic materials emanate from sewage, spoilt pestiferous tanks, and grass and leaves. A notable source of organic waste is flatter wastes whereas use of fertilizer in lawns and kitchen gardens is also common in urban areas. Nutrient pollutants like fertilizers and organic wastes nurture growth of microorganisms and decomposition of wastes thus causing a decrease in dissolved oxygen. These consequentially render aquatic life unbearable. An increase in fertilizer and pesticide pollution in Bagmati River in Kathmandu city of Nepal is a good example of an urban source of water pollution.It is also indicated that Bagmati River experiences direct discharge of industrial and domestic untreated wastes released from Patan city as indicated by an increase in faecal coliform in the polluted areas. This is an important difference in sources of urban water pollution because water from rural regions of Bagmati has normal chemistry and coliform numbers (SEARO. , n. d). Release of sewage without treatment or with poor treatment into water bodies in urban areas has the potential to introduce disease causing organisms such as colifo rm bacteria.Nitrates are found to be high even in treated sewage and therefore it is a great challenge as urban source of water contamination. Phosphates are also introduced in water bodies as a result of poorly(predicate) treated sewage. Phosphates are notorious in speeding up the growth of algae as evidenced in the Broads Lake in the UK. As the Broads was expanding in terms of population increase, an increase in sewage with high content of phosphates was experienced with some of the sewage gaining way into the Broads Lake.Consequently, there was a spurt in algae growth whereas water plants died finally disturbing the lakes ecosystem (Srinivas, 2010). A similar phenomenon has been experienced in Lake Biwa in Japan where an excess of phosphorous and nitrogen led to excessive growth of algae as well as eutrophication. As earlier noted, urban areas depend on ground water which is prone to non-homogeneous forms of contamination. For instance, leaking oil from storage tanks and leaki ng sewage lines that are in close propinquity with water pipes can end up polluting ground water.On other note, garbage can be intentionally dumped into water bodies or the mere(prenominal) garbage dump can end up contaminating come forward water. Since urban areas usually have industries, the industries may cause water pollution indirectly by emitting gases like sulphur dioxide that cause acid rain. venereal disease rain ends up disturbing water chemistry and this is barbarian to active organisms. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2005, para 3), pavement and compacted areas, roofs, and trim down tree canopy and open space increase runoff volumes eventually contaminating water significantly.In addition to increase in runoff volume the runoff is also at a high upper thus increasing water pollution through increase wear of stream banks, and depositing sediments in streams. The channels through which the high velocity runoff passes through are also incised le ading to an increase in sediment deposition. Runoff from urban areas has a higher potential off causing water pollution since there exists no forests or grasslands to enhance water filtration into the ground as compared to such conditions in rural areas.Urban landscapes are nonporous thus there exists almost no chance for runoff to percolate. EPA also notes that runoff from highly developed urban areas can lead to increased water temperatures thus adversely affecting aquatic life and the quality of water in affected streams. If a wastewater treatment plant is not maintained well or if it is poorly cited, then there is the risk of causing water pollution in urban areas. Industrial wastes and emissions are a serious concern due to their contribution in water pollution in urban areas.With most urban areas having industries, industrial pollutants have been of major concern. It is noted that most industries are likely to be located close to water sources for industrial run (TutorVista, 2010). Unfortunately, these same industries end up mismanaging the precious resource by introducing hazardous chemicals. Industrial wastes include acids and alkalis, heavy metals like cadmium in addition to chemicals such as ammonia. Acids and alkalis alter the pH of water whereas detergents cause increased turbidity that has the potential to intoxicate aquatic organisms.Some of the industries cause an increase in water temperature which can be lethal to aquatic life. This is common with power plants and industries that use a lot of water for cooling purposes. It is also a common phenomenon to find oil spills in lakes and oceans. Although this cannot be strictly be defined as an urban source of water pollution, it is important to know that oil spills can occur in lake regions located in urban areas. Furthermore, oil refineries can be located offshore and oil spills can occur.Oil spills lead to death of aquatic organisms since the oil covers the surface of water preventing oxygen f rom penetrating (TutorVista, 2010). Conclusion Looking at the main sources of water pollution in urban and rural areas, it is evident that runoff dominate as the main source of contaminant. It is clearly evident that water pollution in rural areas is point form pollution whereas pollution in urban areas is mainly nonpoint form. However, the content of the runoff differ with rural runoff contain contaminants that are mainly agricultural-based whereas urban areas have industrial-based runoff.In rural areas, runoff mainly contains fertilizer compounds such as nitrates and phosphorous causing a proliferation in algae and water plants. The consequent eutrophication leads to oxygen depletion and death of aquatic life. Runoff from livestock farms also introduces organic compounds that are lead to oxygen depletion as they are decomposed by microorganism. In urban areas, runoff is mainly composed of sediments from construction industries as well as industrial and automobile wastes. Urban run off is more detrimental since percolation is rare unlike in the vegetated rural areas.Acid rain is a possible water pollutant in urban areas due to emission of pestilential gases from the many industries in rural areas. In both rural and urban areas, human waste from poorly treated or untreated sewage is emergent as a popular water pollutant. Pathogens such as bacteria and viruses are also evident as water pollutants in both rural and urban areas as introduced by human and carnal waste.BibliographyEnvironmental Health and Safety Online. (2009). Causes and control of water pollution in urban areas. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. ehso. com/ehshome/WaterPollution_Urban.htm Environmental Protection Agency. (2005). National management measures to control nonpoint source pollution from urban areas. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. epa. gov/nps/urbanmm/ Krantz, D. and Kifferstein, B. (nd). Water pollution and society. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. umich. edu/gs 265/society/waterpollution. htm Murray, P. (2010). Controlling diffuse water pollution in rural areas. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. netregs. gov. uk/netregs/100797. aspx Narendra, C. (2010, Mar. 10). Water pollution in surface resources and rural areas.Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. mynews. in/News/Water_Pollution_in_Surface_Resources_and_Rural_Areas_N40334. hypertext mark-up language Nkwonta, O. I. and Ochieng, G. M. (2009). Water pollution in Soshanguwe environs of South Africa. World Academy of Science, Engineering and applied science 56 499-503. Qing, C. (2007). Urban & rural water pollution hazard & control. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. ecosanres. org/icss/ transactions/presentations/51CHEN-QingEN. pdf SEARO. (n. d). National Environmental & Health Action Plan Environmental problems. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 fromhttp//www. searo. who. int/LinkFiles/National_Environment_&_Health_Action_Plan_chp9a. pdf Srinivas, H. (2010). Urban water pollution. Re trieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. gdrc. org/uem/water/watershed/urban-water-pollution. html TutorVista. (2010). Water pollution. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from http//www. tutorvista. com/content/biology/biology-ii/environment-and-environmental-problems/water-pollution. php World Factbook. (2010). Environment current issues. Retrieved 14, Aug. 2010 from https//www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2032. html

Drug Addiction and Time Essay

I believe that I am an addict, I do a lot of bad ratiocinations in my life. But the worst was my decision to start using drugs. From the day that I started using to nary(prenominal) I get to discernd it. And at magazines I would do entirely now about(predicate) anything to get it, I spend a penny done just about everything except sell my body. I stole from the people I love to get what I needed. Using drugs went from only on the weekends, to a join times a week, to everyday. The worst part is, is I didnt check off that it was consuming so much of my life.There came a point where just smoking weed wasnt enough anymore, and thats when i should excite walked away. I was 16 when I did heroin the first time. But it wasnt until a year later when I started shooting up. My best star and I did everything together and this was no different. We were hooked, she more than I, our lives revolved around get high. I remember the days we couldnt get it, she would shake and parole beca use her body ached for it so bad. I hated seeing her sick, all I could do nothing to help her.It was the worst thing that I have ever seen. When I could I would get her what she needed. We spent our summer days inside. Most of the time we were so high that we couldnt move, but to us that was the best part of the day. At that moment we could finally just tight-fitting our eyes and breathe. Looking back now the worst part for me is that I helped my best friend kill herself. I provided her with the drug that was sucking her dry. At that point in time I thought I was support her.We have always depended on each other but this time we depended on something else. We both are not using heroin anymore, and have come out on the other side of that addiction. We both go that if it were placed in front of us we could not say no. Addiction has taken a lot from me. I have at sea the trust of my Parents and my freedom I ounce had. My best friend and I can not hangout outside of school, were jus t not favourable for each other to be around. But most of all I lost respect for myself.

Marketing Management Project Elements Essay

* What should sonics mission statement be?-Make technology an asset in your life and non a setback. Be the creator of your world through and through advanced technology. transonic brings advanced technology to you through providing communication, information memory board and exchange, organization and entertainment on mobile devices.* In what competitive spheres (industry, products and applications, competence, market-segment, vertical, and geographic) should sonic operate? Industry PDAs and quick-wittedphones for all lifestyles. Whether personal, business, or the scholarly person on the go. Products and applications Smart devices that throw off numerous features and functions on a one device. Some features whitethorn include, Wi-Fi capabilities, Bluetooth technology, high definition quality videos, live photo and television streaming, music, camera, and security system all available at a competitive price.Competence Creating and selling an original product with a all-embra cing range of features at a reasonable rate Market-Segments Students can substance abuse the device to contact family and friends while on the go and also as mul prison termdia device. Professionals whitethorn be more inclined to use the smart devices for business, such as scheduling appointments, emailing employees, customer transactions, and organizing contact information. Entrepreneurs and corporate users may seek to update and access critical entropy. Vertical The product is fabricate and distributed throughout the U.S. markets by wholesalers and retailers. Geographic The product is placed throughout the country.* Which of porters beers generic competitive strategies would you recommend Sonic follow in formulating overall strategy? Sonic should wait on at Porters differentiation of direction generic strategy. One of Sonics stance is its clever and unique products. Since there products ar innovative, it stands out from similar products that may already be on the market. b esides, Sonic focuses and targets its products on a some segment markets and aims them at users for different uses.* What demographic changes are likely to dissemble Sonics targeted segments? The target segments that are likely to be abnormal are the professionals, students, corporate users, entrepreneurs and medical users. The demographic changes would be in age, gender, income, school day and the kind of work a person does. All these would serve as the body of consumers or non-consumers that would buy Sonics impertinently product.* What economic trends might submit buyer behaviour in Sonics targeted segments? The economy is ever experiencing transfernating periods of growth and decline. In this case economic trends that may set a buyer behaviour of Sonics target segments is that proficient development would have to be on the rise, allowing better ways to do certain things. Also period of growth would be and influence. Persons would spend more money during that time of ec onomic growth.* How might the rapid pace of technological change alter Sonics competitive situation? The rapid pace of technological change may alter sonic competitive situation because of the epic market of technology. Other companies that are in the same market that are targeting the same demographic would serve as competition. The competitors would come up with new and innovative ideas so that they may be the leaders in that market.* What surveys, focus groups, observation, behavioural data, or experiments will Sonic need to support its marketing strategy? Be specialize about the questions or issues that Sonic of necessity to resolve its marketing problem. Sonic will need to use online surveys, elegant focus groups and observation to support its marketing strategy. An online survey will be ideal for Sonic as it is more beneficial to collect quantitative information in the fields of marketing from numerous consumers and the target market. A small focus group should be done on students, ranging from ages 18-25 to come why PDAs may or may not be popular among this age demographic. The moderator can ask questions such as, How many persons are willing to pay more money for a newer, alter product with more features?.The questions can then become more specific and the moderator can ask about the various brands of PDAs, preference in brands, set, and factors that may persuade a consumer to purchase a certain product. honoring will also be needed to support Sonics marketing strategy. Company researchers can observe individuals and settings unobtrusively as they sell for products. They can also ask consumers to write down, there thought process, what they look for in a PDA, as well up as how they compare pricing and perceived value amongst products.* Where can you find suitable secondary data about total demand for PDAs over the next two years? Identify at least two sources (online or off-line), describe what you project to draw from each source, and ind icate how the data would be useful for Sonics marketing plan. Suitable secondary data can be found online websites such as Business.com and ReportLinker.com. Using Business.com, information can be gathered on the latest news and trends regarding PDAs.By victimization this source, we plan to draw information on the newest personal data assistants and hand-held computers on the market and how they compete. How other businesses use PDAs in specific industries for specialized task and what may be on the horizon for cutting parade PDA technology. By using ReportLinker.com we will be able to thinking trends, analysis, statistics and various PDA market reports throughout the country as well as globally.* Recommend three specific marketing metrics for Sonic to apply in determining marketing durability. To determine marketing effectiveness Sonic should apply these three marketing metrics1) Sales by market segment.2) Brand awareness.3) Customer Satisfaction.

Why is Aluminium utilised in the contemporary world?

nuclear number 13 is used extravagantly in the contemporaneous world, primarily out-of-pocket to its unique structure and desirable properties. Further, aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earths crust thus, scarcity is not a problem. It is a member of the Boron group of chemical elements, and is the most wide used non-ferrous metal ( orbiter Ark, 2010). It has the symbol Al, and its atomic number is 13. It is necessary to account the fact that pure aluminum is not a great deal used as it has poor mechanical properties. It is usu in ally misdirected with new(prenominal) metals or ti (Chemical Industry Education Centre, 2011). A bring out atomic number 18a in which aluminium alloys are utilised is for the construction of aircraft and rockets.Aircraft manufacturers use high- military capability aluminium alloys for the construction of aircraft and rockets. This is because aluminium (the predominant element of the alloy) is able to be compounded with new(prenominal) metals and substances, is super malleable, resistant to corrosion and consists of a high strength to tautness ratio, in comparing to other metals. aluminum is used in virtually all segments of the aircraft, missile and spacecraft industry-in airframes, engines, accessories, and tankage for liquid fuel and oxidizers (Davis, 2000).Further, Aluminium 7075 is an aluminium alloy that is used heavily in the construction of aircraft and rockets (The aluminum Association, 2008).Aluminium consists of a low ionization energy, as well as a comparatively high atomic radius, in comparison to other metals. The ground say valency electron configuration of Aluminium is 3s2 3p1 ( net Elements Ltd, 2011). Consequently, Aluminium comprises of three valency electrons, which are able to be shared with other elements, or in this instance, metal atoms. In addition, as aluminium has a low ionization number, 6.0 Electron Volts (Ev), as well as moderately low ionisation energies, this implies that the valence electrons of aluminium atoms are not strongly held by the nucleus, and are thus, delocalized. Delocalized electrons are not restricted to wizard atom or other(prenominal) they are distributed across several atoms in the solid. Thus, valence electrons send away function freely out of the influence of their kernels (atomic orbit/structure minus valence electrons). Consequently, aluminium, and other metals, has free mobile electrons (Tutor Vista, 2010). In addition, the bonding in metals is a lot described through the electron sea model.Another solid ground as to why Aluminium is able to be compounded with other elements pertains to its negativity. Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons (Clark, 2009). The Pauling Scale is used to measure the electronegativity of a particular element. Metals reactivity is dependent on their electropositivity thus, a metal with a higher value in the Pauling Scale is less reactive t han another metal with a lower value in the Pauling Scale (Tutor Vista, 2010). The electronegativity of aluminium is 1.61 Pauling units (Pu) (refer to display board 3), whereas the electronegativity of copper is 1.65 Pu and bid, 1.83 Pu (refer to table 3). Thus, aluminium is more reactive than copper and steel, and is able to be adeptly bonded with other elements. (Other factors are involved)Malleability is the ability of a metal to exhibit mammoth deformation or plastic response when being subjected to compressive force (Engineers Edge, 2012). The key reason as to why Aluminium is passing malleable pertains to its crystalline structure. The polycrystalline structure of aluminium consists of various dislocations, or crystallographic defects. The presence and ordure of these dislocations, gives rise to characteristic and desirable metallic properties, for instance, malleability (Davyson).Aluminium is highly resistant to corrosion. This is primarily because a thin visible oxide forms instantly, when the metal is everywheret to the atmosphere. These substances are formed as aluminium has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p1, and atomic number 8 has the electron configuration 1s22s22p4 this means that aluminium loses 1-3 valance electrons to oxygen, yielding aluminium cations with a 3+ charge, as well as oxygen atoms with a 2- charge. This is an example of an ionic bond. In addition, when Aluminium oxide is formed, it consists of a noble bobble configuration, and therefore, is balanced as well as stable. The formation of Aluminium oxide can be represented by the following formula4Al(s) + 3O2(g) 2Al2O3(s)Further, this oxide layer is one of the main reasons for aluminiums good corrosion properties it is self-repairing if damaged, and is stable in the general ph range 4-9 (SAPA Profiles UK Ltd, 2010). When aluminium is used for the construction of aircraft and rockets, it is often anodized to improve strength, and colour (Davis, 2000).Aluminium 7075 p ossesses an incredibly high strength to minginess ratio. The maximum/ultimate tensile strength of the alloy varies from 40000 psi to 78000 psi, depending on the grade of the temper (Alcoa, 2011). It is strong, with strength comparable to many steels (iron). The tensile strength of iron (Fe) is nigh 40,000 psi (All Metals & sour Group, 2011). Aluminium 7075 has a density of 2.8g/cm where as the density of steel is 7.87 g/cm, approximately 282.07% greater. The low atomic mass, 26.982 AMU, and high atomic radius of aluminium, 182pm, relate to the confidential information reason as to why it has a low density, in comparison to iron. Iron, on the other hand, has an atomic mass of 58.845 AMU and an atomic radius of 172pm.Aluminium consists of a face-centred cubic (fcc) crystal structure, whereas iron has a body-centred cubic structure. The atomic packing factor (APF) of a face-centred cubic crystal structure is 0.74, whilst the APF of a body-centred cubic crystal structure is 0.68. Al though aluminium comprises of a more push atomic structure, the fact that Aluminium has a higher atomic radius, as well as lower atomic mass, in comparison to that of iron thus, having less mass in a certain space than iron, allows it to deliver a lower density. This pertains to the fact that density is equal to mass over volume (d=m/v).Aluminium is used extravagantly in the contemporary world, primarily due to its unique structure and desirable properties. A tell area in which aluminium is utilised is for the construction of aircraft and rockets. The reasons, as to why aluminium is used in this particular application, are apparent and abundant.BibliographyAlcoa. (2011). adulteration 7075. Retrieved 2012 11-February from Alcoa http//www.alcoa.com/mill_products/catalog/pdf/alloy7075techsheet.pdfAll Metals & Forge Group. (2011). Metal Tidbits, Tensile Strength. Retrieved 2012 11-February from All Metals & Forge Group sack up site http//www.steelforge.com/metaltidbits/tensilestr ength.htmChemical Industry Education Centre. (2011). Aluminium Uses. Retrieved 2012 11-February from Greener Industry http//www.greener-industry.org.uk/pages/aluminium/aluminium_2uses.htmClark, J. (2009). Electronegativity. Retrieved 2012 14-February from Chemguide Web site http//www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bonding/electroneg.htmlDavis, J. (2000). Corrosion of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys. New York ASM International.Davyson, S. (n.d.). The Structure of Aluminium. Retrieved 2012 11-February from Aluminium http//sam.davyson.com/as/physics/aluminium/siteus/structure.htmlEngineers Edge. (2012). Malleability Strength (Mechanics) of Materials. Retrieved 2012 4-February from Engineers Edge Web site http//www.engineersedge.com/material_science/malleability.htmPlanet Ark. (2010 10-December). Aluminium. Retrieved 2012 11-February from Planet Ark http//cans.planetark.org/recycling-info/facts.cfmSAPA Profiles UK Ltd. (2010). Aluminiums Corrosion Resistance. Retrieved 2012 14-February from Aluminium Design http//www.aluminiumdesign.net/corrosion-resistance.htmlSwarthmore College Computer Society. (2012). Ductility. Retrieved 2012 11-February from Swarthmore College Computer Society Web site http//www.sccs.swarthmore.edu/users/08/ajb/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Ductility.htmlThe Aluminum Association. (2008). Aluminum in Aircraft. Retrieved 2012 11-February from The Aluminum Association website http//www.aluminum.org/ center/NAVIGATIONMENU/THEINDUSTRY/TRANSPORTATIONMARKET/AIRCRAFT/DEFAULT.HTMTutor Vista. (2010). Bonding in Metallic solids. Retrieved 2012 11-February from Tutor Vista Web site http//chemistry.tutorvista.com/physical-chemistry/metallic-bonding.htmlWeb Elements Ltd. (2011). Properties of Aluminium Atoms. Retrieved 2012 12-February from Web Elements the Periodic Table on the Web http//www.webelements.com/aluminium/atoms.html

Welle

What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants? A) in that location is considerable brokertic variation in garden peas. B) Traits ar patrimonial in discrete units, and are not the results of blending. C) Recessive factors occur more frequently in the Fl generation than do everywhereriding ones. D) Genes are cool of DNA. E) An organism that is homozygous for many another(prenominal) recessive characteristics is at a disadvantage. 2) How many unique gametes could be produced through independent multifariousness by an psyche with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE? rite down the gametes ) Why did Mendel continue some of his experiments to the F2 or F3 generation? A) to obtain a larger number of offspring on which to base statistics 8) to observe whether or not a recessive peculiarity would appear C) to observe whether or not the dominant trait would reappear D) to distinguish which alleles were segregating E) to be able to desc ribe the frequency of recombination 4)Two plants are crossed, resulting in offspring with a 31 ratio for a special(prenominal) trait.What does this suggest? 5) The fact that all seven of the pea plant traits study by Mendel obeyed the rinciple of Independent assortment. What does this suggest about the seven traits studied by Mendel? 6) In the cross AaBbCc x AaBbCc, what Is the luck of producing the genotype AABBCC 7) Given the sustains AABBCc x AabbCc, assume simple dominance for each trait and Independent assortment. What affinity of the progeny will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent? ) Which of the adjacent is the best statement of the use of the addition rule of probability? A) the probability that both or more independent events will some(prenominal) occur B) the probability that 2 or more ndependent events will some(prenominal) occur in the offspring of one set of parents C) the probability that all one of two Independent events will occur D) th e probability of producing two or more heterozygous offspring E) the likelihood that a trait is due to two or more meiotic events 9) Radish flowers may be red, purple, or white.A cross surrounded by a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant yields all-purple offspring. The part of the radish we eat may be egg-shaped or long, with long being the dominant characteristic. *** If true-breeding red long radishes are crossed with true-breeding white oval radishes, what will the Fl phenotype? flower color trait in radishes Is an example of which of the B) sex linkage C) codominance D) incomplete dominance E) hypostasis 10) Gene S controls the sharpness of spines in a type of cactus.Cactuses with the dominant allele, S, occupy sharp spines, whereas homozygous recessive ss cactuses have dull spines. At the same time, a second gene, N, determines whether or not cactuses have spines. homozygous recessive nn cactuses have no spines at all. *** The relationship between genes S and N i s an example of A) incomplete dominance. B) epistasis. C) complete dominance. D) pleiotropy. E) codominance. 1) Women (and all female mammals) have one active X chromosome per cell instead of two. What causes this?A) modification of the XIST gene so that it is active save on one X chromosome, which because becomes inactive B) activation of the Barr gene on one of the two X chromosomes that then inactivates C) crossover between the XIST gene on one X chromosome and a related gene on an autosome D) inactivation of the XIST gene on the X chromosome derived from the male parent E) the removal of methyl (CH3) groups from the X chromosome that will remain active 12) Which of the following statements is true of linkage? A) The next two genes are on a chromosome, the lower the probability that a crossover will occur between them.B) The observed frequency of recombination of two genes that are far apart from each other has a maximal value of 100%. C) All of the traits that Mendel studied -seed color, pod shape, flower color, and others-are due to genes link on the same chromosome. D) Linked genes are found on varied chromosomes. E) Crossing over occurs during prophase II of meiosis. 13) What does a frequency of recombination of 50% fate? A) The two genes are likely to be located on varied chromosomes. B) All of the offspring have combinations of traits that match one of the two parents.C) The genes are located on sex chromosomes. D) Abnormal meiosis has occurred. E) Independent assortment is hindered. 14) Map units on a linkage map cannot be relied upon to play physical distances on a chromosome for which of the following reasons? A) The frequency of crossing over varies along the length of the chromosome. B) The relationship between recombination frequency and map units is diametrical in every individual. C) Physical order on the chromosomes is slightly different in every individual. E) Linkage map istances are identical between males and females. 5) Which o f the following is known as a Philadelphia chromosome? A) a human chromosome 22 that has had a specific translocation B) a human chromosome 9 that is found however in one type of cancer C) an animal chromosome found chiefly in the mid-Atlantic area of the United States D) an imprinted chromosome that always comes from the mother E) a chromosome found not in the nucleus but in mitochondria 16) The following is a map of four genes on a chromosome. Figure 1 Between which two genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombination? A) A and WB) w and E C) E and G D) A and E E) A and G 17) How do we describe transformation in bacteria? A) the creation of a base of DNA from an ribonucleic acid molecule B) the creation of a strand of RNA from a DNA molecule C) the infection of cells by a phage DNA molecule D) the type of semiconservative replication shown by DNA E) soaking up of external DNA into a cell 18) Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organ ism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine? 19) What is meant by the description antiparallel regarding the strands that make p DNA?A) The twisting nature of DNA creates in series(p) strands. B) The 5 to 3 direction of one strand runs counter to the 5 to 3 direction of the other strand. C) Base pairings create unequal position between the two DNA strands. D) One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged. E) One strand contains only purines and the other contains only pyrimidines. 20)An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements? A) primase, polymerase, ligase B) 3 RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 5 C) 5 RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 3 D) DNA polymerase l, DNA polymerase.

Political Dynasty Essay

The Philippine organic law is a sociable lead which embodies the primeval patterns and policies, admiting to which the Filipino community be governed by the State. The fundamental rulers argon abstr characterization and as such they cover every formula of the life of the Filipino bulk while the fundamental policies cover particularised areas of application of those principles. The fundamental principles persist fixed and permanent, scarcely the policies built upon those principles finish be modified or repealed by legislation to suit the ask of the times.The title is product of my out of the box philosophizing about the edible of ingredient 1 and Section 26 taken together of expression II of our typography. I must say that philosophizing does not discern us my conclusions and/or thoughts are objurgate or wrong, true or false, tho it has certainly given me the basis upon which to present my meta-under place uprighting of Section 1 and Section 26 phrase II, Sect ion 1 says The Philippines is a egalitarian and republican state. Sovereignty resides in the people and all regimen dresser emanates from them. This is the most staple fiber principle of the Constitution, and it preserves to a natural law as formulated and accepted in the mind it furbish ups also to essential honor upon which other truths are based. Article II, Section 26 The State shall attempt equal access to opportunities for public servicing, and prohibit semipolitical dynasties as may be delimit by law. This is a insurance built upon the principle of Section 1, and it refers to a planned line of conduct in the lighting of which individual decisions on political dynasties are made and coordination is achieved.Moreover, political dynasties refer to the line of politicians of the same families. both coin has two inseparable reversal sides the head and the tail yet they complement each other as they are opposed to each other to constitute only unmatchable coin. S imilarly, the political issue on dynasty has two opposite yet completing sides (a) the principle of political dynasty of Section 1 and (b) the the policy of political dynasty of Section 26. Both Sections constitute one Article II. The policy of Section 26 names the specific area of application of the principle of Section 1 of the same Article II.The policy of Section 26 is built upon the basic principle of Section 1. Moreover, the fundamental principle of Section 1 remain fixed and permanent, simply policies of Section 3 can be are modified or repealed by legislation to suit the needs and demands of the times. The heap The Creators and Masters of Political Dynasties The phrase sovereignty resides in the people, and all government authority emanates from them clearly shows that the people are the habitat of the sovereignty.However, people come two distinct yet mutually complementary intends, namely, people as electorate which is the source of political indicator of take poli ticians and people as somatic nation which is the reason for be of elected politicians. These dual meanings of people in effect signify that the elected politicians are public servants of the people hence the people are their boss and master in our democratic and republican state, not the way around By virtue of their sovereign power, the people are superior to any and all existing political dynasties, whose reason for being is service to their masters, the people.On virtuous grounds, the people must be change to the reality that they are the boss of political dynasties, and therefore they have no reason to fear the, before, during, and after political elections. Centrality of Morality in the Constitution The centrality of goodity to our Constitution is evident in the preamble, in the imploration to Almighty god for aid to build a just and humane society and to pitch a Government that shall embody the Filipino ideals and aspirations and promote their common near under a regi me of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace.The rest of the Constitution revolves around these moral ideals and moral values. These are the moral foundations of the Social Ethics Society. There are socio-economic phenomena in many areas of the coun fork out where the life-style and the exercise of political power by political dynasties is betrayal of public trust, because it is not in accord with the following moral imperatives and criteria of right and wrong in public service Public office is a public trust.Public officers and employees must at all times accountable to the people, serve them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency act with patriotism and justice, and lead modest life. (Article X on Accountability) Every elected politician in the public service is bound to hold by those mandates. Congress had devoteed anti-graft and anti- asperseion laws, e. g. RA No. 6713, also known as Code of Ethics for Government Officials and Employees, in the public service. However, it appears that many of our elected politicians pay only lip service to anti-Graft and Anti-Corruptions laws.For instance, there are far-flung phenomena of bribery and corruption in the public service, reportedly perpetuated by corrupt politician, many of whom are allegedly members of political dynasties. Centrality of Morality to Legality The Preamble provides the moral grounds and the foundation of respectable politics of several Articles of the Constitution. No statutory law is enforceable if it is unconstitutional and the Constitution cannot be obligate if it is immoral. The bottom line any enabling law on political dynasty is sanctionedly binding upon the Filipinos, only if it is constitutional and moral.A law that is moral is always constitutional, but a law that is constitutional is not needs moral. A Moral and Ethical Proposal I believe the policy of Section 26 which prohibits political dynasties as may be defined by law has two distinct opp osite sides, (1) the letter of the Constitution which is the legalistic side, and (2) the spirit of the Constitution which is the honourable side. The pro-political dynasty advocates and promoters behave in accord with legal politics.Their action is legal so long as there is no law defining and enabling the constitutional prohibition against political dynasties. Therefore, the anti-dynasty advocates and promoters should stand on moral and ethical grounds against political dynasties. It is my proposal on moral and ethical grounds that the anti-dynasty advocates should develop and promote the concept of political dynasty of the people based on the principle of Section 1 face-to-face the political dynasties of oligarchs based on the policy of Section 26 but built upon the principle of Section 1.When there is a conflict amidst a principle and its policy, the principle should prevail over its policy. Moral, Ethical, and Legal Practices in Politics Moral and ethical are similar in mea ning in that they both have to do with the difference between right and wrong. They are dissimilar in meaning in that ethical tends to refer to a code, system, theory, or standard of judging rightness or wrongness of moral behavior whereas moral tends to refer to more concrete choices and issues that charge strong feelings.In other words, moral refers to good and evil, while ethical refers to right and wrong. Because of the untruthful disclosure of his SALN per Code of Ethics, former SC forefront Justice Renato Corona was found ethically wanting for which he was impeached, patronage his superior legalistic knowledge of law Hence, we could say that what is moral is always ethical, but what is ethical is not necessarily moral. Hence, when an elected politician acts according to RA 6714, his behavior is ethical as well as legal what is ethical is always legal, but what is legal is not necessarily ethical.The avocation of Ethical Politics Our major problem in the pursuit of ethica l politics is the lack of political will on the part of the people as electorate. Let us awaken and educate their political consciousness, and endow their political will by making them conscious of their being the political dynasty that is superior over all existing political dynasties of oligarchs per mandate of Article II, Section 1 that the people are the habitat of sovereign power, but the exercise of such pwer is delegated and vested upon elected politicians.Assume that Congress would never pass the law enabling the policy against political dynasties let us thence resort to the principle of Section 1 in Article II. This principle does not require any enabling law because it is precisely the supreme basis of all enabling laws. This is the principle why the political candidates try to win the votes of the people during political campaigns. We have indeed laws prescribing the requirements of the policy to vote. The Social Ethics Society can start the movement to marginalize the political dynasties,, if not altogether eliminate them eventually from the political landscape of the Philippine.